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Fever of Unknown Origin in a Pediatric Patient

Year 2022, Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 48 - 51, 01.07.2022

Mustafa Yasir AKYILDIZ Emine Kübra DİNDAR DEMİRAY

https://doi.org/10.38175/phnx.1026536

Abstract

Fever is a common clinical syndrome in pediatric patients. Although fever of unknown origin has a clear definition in adults, there is no consensus on this definition in the pediatric age group. There are differences between studies, and the literature on this subject is also limited. In this study, we aimed to review the existing literature in terms of fever of unknown origin in the pediatric age group.

Keywords

Child, fever, fever of unknown origin

References

  • Yiğit R, Esenay F, Şen E, Serinol Z. Annelerin yüksek ateş konusunda bı̇lgı̇ ve uygulamalari. Atatürk Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Der. 2003;6(3):48–56.
  • O’neill-Murphy K, Liebman M, Barnsteiner JH. Fever education: Does it reduce parent fever anxiety? Pediatric Emergency Care. 2001;17(1):47–51.
  • Çöl Araz N. Ailelerin ateşli çocuğa yaklaşımı; bilgi, tutum ve uygulamaları. Türkiye Çocuk Hastalıkları Dergisi. 2013;7(1):27–32.
  • Ward MA. Fever in infants and children: Pathophysiology and management. 2020.https://www.uptodate.com/contents/fever-in-infants-and-childrenpathophysiology-and-management. [Internet]. [Erişim Tarihi: 5.10.2021].
  • Somer A, Hançerli Törün S, Ateş patofizyolojisi ve inflamatuar yanıt. In: Somer A, ed. Çocuklarda Ateş. 1st Ed. İstanbul; 2014.pp:27-39.
  • Dinarello CA. Cytokines as endogenous pyrogens. J İnfection Diseas. 1999;179:294–304.
  • Cavaillon JM. Exotoxins and endotoxins: Inducers of inflammatory cytokines. Toxicon. 2018;149:45-53.
  • Alıravcı İD, Akıncı E, Alkan Çeviker S. Ateş nedeniyle enfeksiyon hastalıkları kliniğine yatırılarak takip ve tedavi edilen hastaların retrospektif değerlendirilmesi. Pamukkale Tıp Dergisi. 2020;13(2): 276-283.
  • Barutcu A, Barutcu S. Evaluation of knowledge, attitudes and practices of parents presenting to a hospital emergency department with a complaint of fever in a child. Signa Vitae. 2020;16(1);123-129.
  • Karakaş NM, Özdemir B, Kılıç S, Akbulut Ö. Ebeveynleri çocuk acile getiren nedenler: 4 yıllık izlem. Osmangazi Tıp Dergisi. 2020; 42(1): 67-74.
  • Unger M, Karanikas G, Kerschbaumer A, Winkler S, Aletaha D. Fever of unknown origin (FUO) revised. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2016;128(21-22):796-801.
  • Bozkaya D, Koçak Ü. Çocukluk çağında nedeni bilinmeyen ateş. Türkiye Çocuk Hastalıkları Dergisi. 2009;3(4): 57-61.
  • Pehlivan M, Biberoğlu K, Tarhan O, Kundak I, Özcan MA. Nedeni bilinmeyen ateş: 62 olgu bildirisi. Flora 1998;3(2):113-119.
  • Tabak F, Mert A, Celik AD, Ozaras R, Altiparmak MR, Ozturk R, et al. Fever of unknown origin in Turkey. Infection. 2003;31(6):417-420.
  • Marshall GS. Prolonged and recurrent fevers in children. J Infect 2014;68(Suppl 1): pp:83–93.
  • Chusid MJ. Fever. In: Wedgewood RJ, Davis SD, Ray CG, et al, editors. Infections in children. Philadelphia: Harper and Row; 1982. pp:228–238.
  • Arora R, Mahajan P. Evaluation of child with fever without source. Review of literature and update. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2013;60:1049–1062.
  • Chow A, Robinson JL. Fever of unknown origin in children: a systemic review. World J Pediatr. 2011;7:5–10.
  • McCarthy P. Fever without apparent source on clinical examination. Curr Opin Pediatr.2005;17:93–110.
  • Kucukardali Y, Oncul O, Cavuslu S, Danaci M, Calangu S, Erdem H, et al. The spectrum of diseases causing fever of unknown origin in Turkey: a multicenter study. Int J Infect Dis. 2008;12:71–79.
  • Lohr JA, Hendley JO. Prolonged fever of unknown origin: a record of experiences with 54 childhood patients. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 1977;16(9):768–773.
  • McClung HJ. Prolonged fever of unknown origin in children. Am J Dis Child. 1972;124(4):544–550.
  • Pizzo PA, Lovejoy FH Jr, Smith DH. Prolonged fever in children: review of 100 cases. Pediatrics. 1975;55(4):468–473.
  • Jacobs RF, Schutze GE. Bartonella henselae as a cause of prolonged fever and fever of unknown origin in children. Clin Infect Dis. 1998;26(1):80–84.
  • Steele RW, Jones SM, Lowe BA, Glasier CM. Usefulness of scanning procedures for diagnosis of fever of unknown origin in children. J Pediatr. 1991;119(4):526–530.
  • Antoon JW, Peritz DC, Parsons MR, Skinner AC, Lohr JA. Etiology and resource use of fever of unknown origin in hospitalized children. Hosp Pediatr. 2018;8(3):135-140.
  • Yalnızoğlu Çaka S, Çınar N, Altınkaynak S. Ateşli çocuğa yaklaşım. Journal of Human Rhythm. 2015;1(4): 133-138.
  • Gündeşlioğlu ÖÖ, Kocabaş E, Alhan, E, Aksaray N, Alabaz D, Karagün, BŞ. “Fever of unknown origin: evaluation of 30 pediatric patients”. Cukurova Medical Journal. 44 (2019): 215-220.
  • Attard L, Tadolini M, De Rose DU, Cattalini M. Overview of fever of unknown origin in adult and paediatric patients. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2018;36 Suppl 110(1):10-24.
  • Cleri, DJ, Ricketti, AJ, Vernaleo, JR. Fever of unknown origin due to zoonoses. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2007; 21:963-996, viii-ix.
  • Chapman, AS, Bakken, JS, Folk, SM. Diagnosis and management of tickborne rickettsial diseases: Rocky Mountain spotted fever, ehrlichioses, and anaplasmosis: United States: a practical guide for physicians and other health-care and public health professionals. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2006;55(RR-4):1-27.
  • Dayal R, Agarwal D. Fever in Children and fever of unknown origin. Indian J Pediatr. 2016;83(1):38-43.
  • CHUSID MJ: Fever of unknown origin in childhood. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2017;64: 205-230.
  • Neuman MI, Hall M, Lipsett SC, Hersh AL, Williams DJ, Gerber JS, et al. Pediatric research in ınpatient settings network. Utility of blood culture among children hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia. Pediatrics. 2017;140(3): e20171013
  • Schnadower D, Kuppermann N, Macias CG, Freedman SB, Baskin MN, Ishimine P, et al. American Academy of Pediatrics Pediatric Emergency Medicine Collaborative Research Committee. Febrile infants with urinary tract infections at very low risk for adverse events and bacteremia. Pediatrics. 2010;126(6):1074–1083.
  • Wathen D, Halloran DR. Blood culture associations in children with a diagnosis of cellulitis in the era of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Hosp Pediatr. 2013;3(2):103–107.
  • Alkan Çeviker S, Yıldız E, Gedik MA, Üzümcügil AO, Öner SK. Yoğun bakımda ateşin nadir bir nedeni: Trafik kazası sonrası yağ embolisi sendromu. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Tıp Dergisi. 2020; 74-77.
  • Noorbakhsh S, Barati M, Farhadi M, Mousavi J, Zarabi V, Tabatabaei A. Intensive care unit nosocomial sinusitis at the Rasoul Akram Hospital: Tehran, Iran, 2007-2008. Iran J Microbiol. 2012;4(3):146-149.
  • Erdem H, Hargreaves S, Ankarali H, Caskurlu H, Ceviker SA, Bahar-Kacmaz A, et al. Managing adult patients with infectious diseases in emergency departments: international ID-IRI study. J Chemother. 2021;33(5):302-318.

Pediyatrik Hastada Nedeni Bilinmeyen Ateş

Year 2022, Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 48 - 51, 01.07.2022

Mustafa Yasir AKYILDIZ Emine Kübra DİNDAR DEMİRAY

https://doi.org/10.38175/phnx.1026536

Abstract

Pediyatrik hastalarda ateş sık karşılaşılan bir klinik sendromdur. Nedeni bilinmeyen ateşin ise erişkinde net tanımlaması olmasına rağmen, çocuk yaş grubunda bu tanım konusunda fikir birliği yoktur. Çalışmalar arasında farklılıklar mevcut olup, bu konudaki literatür de sınırlıdır. Biz de bu çalışmada mevcut literatürü çocuk yaş grubunda nedeni bilinmeyen ateş açısından derlemeyi amaçladık.

Keywords

Çocuk, ateş, nedeni bilinmeyen ateş

References

  • Yiğit R, Esenay F, Şen E, Serinol Z. Annelerin yüksek ateş konusunda bı̇lgı̇ ve uygulamalari. Atatürk Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Der. 2003;6(3):48–56.
  • O’neill-Murphy K, Liebman M, Barnsteiner JH. Fever education: Does it reduce parent fever anxiety? Pediatric Emergency Care. 2001;17(1):47–51.
  • Çöl Araz N. Ailelerin ateşli çocuğa yaklaşımı; bilgi, tutum ve uygulamaları. Türkiye Çocuk Hastalıkları Dergisi. 2013;7(1):27–32.
  • Ward MA. Fever in infants and children: Pathophysiology and management. 2020.https://www.uptodate.com/contents/fever-in-infants-and-childrenpathophysiology-and-management. [Internet]. [Erişim Tarihi: 5.10.2021].
  • Somer A, Hançerli Törün S, Ateş patofizyolojisi ve inflamatuar yanıt. In: Somer A, ed. Çocuklarda Ateş. 1st Ed. İstanbul; 2014.pp:27-39.
  • Dinarello CA. Cytokines as endogenous pyrogens. J İnfection Diseas. 1999;179:294–304.
  • Cavaillon JM. Exotoxins and endotoxins: Inducers of inflammatory cytokines. Toxicon. 2018;149:45-53.
  • Alıravcı İD, Akıncı E, Alkan Çeviker S. Ateş nedeniyle enfeksiyon hastalıkları kliniğine yatırılarak takip ve tedavi edilen hastaların retrospektif değerlendirilmesi. Pamukkale Tıp Dergisi. 2020;13(2): 276-283.
  • Barutcu A, Barutcu S. Evaluation of knowledge, attitudes and practices of parents presenting to a hospital emergency department with a complaint of fever in a child. Signa Vitae. 2020;16(1);123-129.
  • Karakaş NM, Özdemir B, Kılıç S, Akbulut Ö. Ebeveynleri çocuk acile getiren nedenler: 4 yıllık izlem. Osmangazi Tıp Dergisi. 2020; 42(1): 67-74.
  • Unger M, Karanikas G, Kerschbaumer A, Winkler S, Aletaha D. Fever of unknown origin (FUO) revised. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2016;128(21-22):796-801.
  • Bozkaya D, Koçak Ü. Çocukluk çağında nedeni bilinmeyen ateş. Türkiye Çocuk Hastalıkları Dergisi. 2009;3(4): 57-61.
  • Pehlivan M, Biberoğlu K, Tarhan O, Kundak I, Özcan MA. Nedeni bilinmeyen ateş: 62 olgu bildirisi. Flora 1998;3(2):113-119.
  • Tabak F, Mert A, Celik AD, Ozaras R, Altiparmak MR, Ozturk R, et al. Fever of unknown origin in Turkey. Infection. 2003;31(6):417-420.
  • Marshall GS. Prolonged and recurrent fevers in children. J Infect 2014;68(Suppl 1): pp:83–93.
  • Chusid MJ. Fever. In: Wedgewood RJ, Davis SD, Ray CG, et al, editors. Infections in children. Philadelphia: Harper and Row; 1982. pp:228–238.
  • Arora R, Mahajan P. Evaluation of child with fever without source. Review of literature and update. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2013;60:1049–1062.
  • Chow A, Robinson JL. Fever of unknown origin in children: a systemic review. World J Pediatr. 2011;7:5–10.
  • McCarthy P. Fever without apparent source on clinical examination. Curr Opin Pediatr.2005;17:93–110.
  • Kucukardali Y, Oncul O, Cavuslu S, Danaci M, Calangu S, Erdem H, et al. The spectrum of diseases causing fever of unknown origin in Turkey: a multicenter study. Int J Infect Dis. 2008;12:71–79.
  • Lohr JA, Hendley JO. Prolonged fever of unknown origin: a record of experiences with 54 childhood patients. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 1977;16(9):768–773.
  • McClung HJ. Prolonged fever of unknown origin in children. Am J Dis Child. 1972;124(4):544–550.
  • Pizzo PA, Lovejoy FH Jr, Smith DH. Prolonged fever in children: review of 100 cases. Pediatrics. 1975;55(4):468–473.
  • Jacobs RF, Schutze GE. Bartonella henselae as a cause of prolonged fever and fever of unknown origin in children. Clin Infect Dis. 1998;26(1):80–84.
  • Steele RW, Jones SM, Lowe BA, Glasier CM. Usefulness of scanning procedures for diagnosis of fever of unknown origin in children. J Pediatr. 1991;119(4):526–530.
  • Antoon JW, Peritz DC, Parsons MR, Skinner AC, Lohr JA. Etiology and resource use of fever of unknown origin in hospitalized children. Hosp Pediatr. 2018;8(3):135-140.
  • Yalnızoğlu Çaka S, Çınar N, Altınkaynak S. Ateşli çocuğa yaklaşım. Journal of Human Rhythm. 2015;1(4): 133-138.
  • Gündeşlioğlu ÖÖ, Kocabaş E, Alhan, E, Aksaray N, Alabaz D, Karagün, BŞ. “Fever of unknown origin: evaluation of 30 pediatric patients”. Cukurova Medical Journal. 44 (2019): 215-220.
  • Attard L, Tadolini M, De Rose DU, Cattalini M. Overview of fever of unknown origin in adult and paediatric patients. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2018;36 Suppl 110(1):10-24.
  • Cleri, DJ, Ricketti, AJ, Vernaleo, JR. Fever of unknown origin due to zoonoses. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2007; 21:963-996, viii-ix.
  • Chapman, AS, Bakken, JS, Folk, SM. Diagnosis and management of tickborne rickettsial diseases: Rocky Mountain spotted fever, ehrlichioses, and anaplasmosis: United States: a practical guide for physicians and other health-care and public health professionals. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2006;55(RR-4):1-27.
  • Dayal R, Agarwal D. Fever in Children and fever of unknown origin. Indian J Pediatr. 2016;83(1):38-43.
  • CHUSID MJ: Fever of unknown origin in childhood. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2017;64: 205-230.
  • Neuman MI, Hall M, Lipsett SC, Hersh AL, Williams DJ, Gerber JS, et al. Pediatric research in ınpatient settings network. Utility of blood culture among children hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia. Pediatrics. 2017;140(3): e20171013
  • Schnadower D, Kuppermann N, Macias CG, Freedman SB, Baskin MN, Ishimine P, et al. American Academy of Pediatrics Pediatric Emergency Medicine Collaborative Research Committee. Febrile infants with urinary tract infections at very low risk for adverse events and bacteremia. Pediatrics. 2010;126(6):1074–1083.
  • Wathen D, Halloran DR. Blood culture associations in children with a diagnosis of cellulitis in the era of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Hosp Pediatr. 2013;3(2):103–107.
  • Alkan Çeviker S, Yıldız E, Gedik MA, Üzümcügil AO, Öner SK. Yoğun bakımda ateşin nadir bir nedeni: Trafik kazası sonrası yağ embolisi sendromu. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Tıp Dergisi. 2020; 74-77.
  • Noorbakhsh S, Barati M, Farhadi M, Mousavi J, Zarabi V, Tabatabaei A. Intensive care unit nosocomial sinusitis at the Rasoul Akram Hospital: Tehran, Iran, 2007-2008. Iran J Microbiol. 2012;4(3):146-149.
  • Erdem H, Hargreaves S, Ankarali H, Caskurlu H, Ceviker SA, Bahar-Kacmaz A, et al. Managing adult patients with infectious diseases in emergency departments: international ID-IRI study. J Chemother. 2021;33(5):302-318.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Medicine
Journal Section Review
Authors

Mustafa Yasir AKYILDIZ
Bitlis Tatvan Devlet Hastanesi, Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları
0000-0003-4171-8361
Türkiye

Emine Kübra DİNDAR DEMİRAY
BİTLİS DEVLET HASTANESİ
0000-0001-6459-7182
Türkiye

Publication Date July 1, 2022
Submission Date November 21, 2021
Acceptance Date December 13, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2022Volume: 4 Issue: 2

Cite

AMA Akyıldız M. Y. , Dindar Demiray E. K. Pediyatrik Hastada Nedeni Bilinmeyen Ateş. Phnx Med J. 2022; 4(2): 48-51.
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